Explanation Text Part 1,2,3

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Part 1

Definition of Explanation Text

In this section we will discuss the meaning of Explanation Text. What is meant by Explanation Text ? What is meant by Explanation Text is a text that is used to explain the way (process) something happens, especially those related to natural phenomena, the scientific world or socio-culture. The goal is to tell the reader or listener how something happened. An explanation text usually comes from the author's question regarding 'why' and 'how' regarding an existing phenomenon.

Purpose of Explanation Text

The purpose of the Explanation Text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something or activity related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain why and how it happened.

 

Explanation Text Characteristics

Explanation text has the following characteristics:

• Using the Simple Present Tense

The use of simple present tense is because the explanation text contains the facts of an incident or action.

• Using Passive Voice

In the explanation text there must be a sentence passive voice. Why? because this text aims to explain an event or action (object) rather than its subject.

• Using Chronological Connectors

Almost all texts use chronological connectors. Examples of chronological connectors: First, Second, After that. Next, Then, Finally, etc.

• Using Nouns, Pronouns, and Action Verbs

Explanation text is the same as any other text which consists of various nouns, pronouns (subject pronoun, object pronoun, possessive pronoun), action verbs.

TYPES OF EXPLANATION TEXT

The following are types of explanation text:

• Sequential Explanation

Sequential explanation is a type of explanation that describes the details of the stages of a phenomenon. For example, the sequence of the life cycle in the form of a food chain.

• Factorial Explanation

Factorial explanation is a type of explanation that describes the effect and outcome of a process. For example, regarding the effects of colonialism.

• Theoretical Explanations

Theoretical Explanation is a type of explanation that contains the possibility of speculation that might occur behind natural phenomena. For example, the eruption of Mount Merapi could trigger another devastating natural disaster.

• Causal Explanation

Causal Explanation is the nature of explanation that progressively explains the origin or cause of changes in a problem. For example, the landslide process.

 

GENERIC STRUCTURE EXPLANATION TEXT

• A general statement

Namely the introduction of an event that we will tell. Or a general description of the event. In a general statement contains a general explanation of the phenomenon to be discussed, it can be an introduction to the phenomenon or an explanation.

• A sequenced of explanation

It is an explanation of why and how it happened. In this section the writer can write more than one paragraph. A sequenced of explanation contains an explanation of the process why this phenomenon can occur or be created. A squenced of explanation in the form of answers to the author's 'why' and 'how' questions when making an Explanation text. In squenced of explanation it may consist of more than one paragraph.

• Closing

 Namely the conclusion or conclusion of the story. Actually, closing is not listed in the generic structure of the Explanation text, but most people assume that the last paragraph of an Explanation text is closing, even though it is part of a squenced of exploration which contains the final steps described in the squenced of explanation section.

Linguistic Rules of Explanation Text

Explanation text explains scientifically the process and causes of a phenomenon by using standard universal languages. The explanation of information in the explanatory text is easy for general readers to understand or is not limited to certain circles. Therefore, the writing and use of words in the explanatory text must be in accordance with PUEBI. The following are the characteristics of the explanatory text language rules.

• Copula

This word is used to explain the definition of words, terms, or concepts related to a phenomenon. For example, in the sentence Indonesia is an archipelago country.

• Active verb

This word is often used as part of a series of explanations, because it aims to explain causes and processes, so that the subject (phenomenon) acts as the goal of a particular action or event.

• Conjunction

The conjunctions used explain the causal relationship and the chronological relationship in the occurrence of a phenomenon. For example, if, if, so, before, first, and then.

• Adverb of time

This word is used to describe the time when a phenomenon occurs.

• Scientific term

Context-appropriate scientific terms are often used to clarify the definition, cause and effect relationship, or the chronology of a phenomenon.

• Noun pronouns

The subject described uses a noun (nonperson), such as that, this, and that. The explanatory text also only focuses on general things, such as earthquakes, floods.

 

EXAMPLE OF EXPLANATION TEXT AND GENERIC STRUCTURE

EXAMPLE 1 :

1. Explanation Text about Seasons

This very short explanation text for learning an explanation genre is given with generic structure. The text explanation is written orderly through the general statement and followed by a sequenced explanation

Why Summer Daylight is Longer than Winter Daylight
In the summer, the amount of daylight that we get is more than we get in winter. This is not because as much people think we are closer to the sun but because of the tilt of the earth.
The earth is actually closer to the sun in winter than it is in summer but you would be forgiven for thinking that this can not be true after looking out of your window on a cold and frosty morning.
It seems strange that as the earth get closer to the sun during its orbit then the amount of daylight that we get decrease. But that is the case. It is the tilt of the earth that determine the amount of daylight that we get and so the length of time that for us the sun is above the horizon.
Taken from: www.ictteachers.co.uk

Generic Structure Analysis

Please pay attention on the arrangement of paragraph which build a complet text unity into an explanation text as bellow:
1. General statement; stating the phenomenon whic daylight in summer is longer than in winter.
2. Explanation; it is the tilt of the earth that determines the amount of daylight not the distance of the earth from the sun.

Language Feature Analysis 

Languange deature is typixal gramatical structure and vocabularies which are commonly used to writean explanation text.
1. Focusing generic participant; daylight.
2. Using chronological connection; then, so, but.
3. Using pasive voice; you would be forgiven.
4. Using present tense; the earth is actually closer to the sun.

to be more clear lets watch the video bellow

This is my score of ulangan harian Explanation Text